@article{1a18f6142a11486c95c34ef16c71eaab,
title = "Is Smoking During Pregnancy a Risk Factor for Psychopathology in Young Children? A Methodological Caveat and Report on Preschoolers",
author = "Lavigne, \{John V.\} and Joyce Hopkins and Gouze, \{Karen R.\} and Bryant, \{Fred B.\} and LeBailly, \{Susan A.\} and Binns, \{Helen J.\} and Lavigne, \{Paul M.\}",
note = "OBJECTIVE: While studies of the effects of prenatal smoking on child psychopathology have found positive relationships, most studies (1) failed to control for a range of correlates of maternal smoking that could affect children's behavior; (2) have been conducted with school-age rather than younger children, so it is not clear when such problems emerge; and (3) have not examined the effects on internalizing problems. METHOD: This study examined the effects of prenatal smoke exposure on behaviors associated with externalizing and internalizing behavior problems and negative temperament in a diverse community sample of 679 4-year-olds.",
year = "2011",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/jpepsy/jsq044",
language = "American English",
volume = "36",
journal = "Journal of Pediatric Psychology",
number = "1",
}